NEHA REHS/RS Practice Exam 2025 – Your All-in-One Guide to Certification Success!

The correct choice is HIV, which is not responsible for urine being non-sterile. In a healthy individual, urine is typically sterile when produced in the kidneys; however, infections can lead to the introduction of pathogens into the urinary tract.

Typhoid, a systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi, can result in bacteremia and contamination of urine due to systemic infection, leading to non-sterility. Schistosomiasis, caused by trematode parasites, can also lead to urinary tract complications, producing eggs that can alter urinary content and result in the presence of parasites in urine. Leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira bacteria, can disseminate through the bloodstream and affect the urinary system, which can also lead to non-sterile urine.

On the other hand, HIV primarily affects the immune system and does not directly cause alterations in urine sterility. Although the immunocompromised state due to HIV can increase susceptibility to urinary infections, HIV itself does not introduce pathogens that would affect the sterility of urine directly. Thus, it is the only choice listed that does not result in urine being non-sterile due to a direct infection or pathogen characteristic.